Storage-water heater.



F. D. SCHNEIDER STORAGE WATER HEATER APPLICATION FILED Aus.25. x916.

Patent-ed Sept. 23, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

F. D. SCHNEIDER. STORAGE WATER HEATER. APPLICATION men AUG.25.1916.

Patented Sept. 23, 1919.

1 ,317,@39 I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. 3

'10 bestv mode in which I have combining all July 3rd, 1917,

PATEET @FFIQE.

FREDEBICKD. SCHNEIDER, QF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE LONG- LANDRETH-SGHNEIDER COMPANY, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY.

STORAGE-WATER HEATER.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, Fnnnmucx D. ScnNninnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Llizabeth, m the county of Union 5 and State of ,New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Storageater Heaters, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions,

My alleged invention relates to a water heater and more particularly to apparatus the advantages of the automatic type with all the advantages of the storage type. Such specific principle is shown, described and claimed in United States Letters Patent No. 1,232,435,issued to The Long-Landreth- Schneider Company as my assignee. The disclosure of this application constitutes a modification in respect to the shape, arrangement,-proportion and function of varibus essential parts.

I know that instantaneous automatically operated heaters have been combined with a storage supply, but believe, as the existence of the above identified earlier application 80 attests, that the relationship there explained and here incorporated is new as well useful. The gist of that dea is to so alter the value of a certain \lllO between the capacity to heat instantaneously and the 85 storage supply as to successfully achieve the service of either or both of the two types .heretofore required; and to do this with a structure operating as a unit with greater efficiency. The water heater to be now de 40 scribed is a circulating tank heater or cireulating boiler heater wherein all the hot Water is delivered from the tank or boiler 'ls y- The distinct and separable objects of the present invention are now enumerated. In general, I .aim to manufacture a safe, durable and eflicient heater in a simple, comact, neat, feasible and eronon'iical manner. pecifically, I mount the tank direr-l ly above and in line with the center line; contrive ill) have a separated reverse flow through a iilngleconnection; require less metal for the toil both because of-a comparatively smaller bore'and reduced length thereof, such re- Specifieation of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 23, 1919.

Divided and this application filed August 25,

dueed length being sufficient berause the stream passing through is less and because the style of coil absorbs more-heat; employ a plural wound conical coil unit; make the lower border of the latter conform to and touch the acket; and locatethe burner orifices inside of the inner confines of the coil bottom.

To more clearly instance the distinctions which this application is known to present over previously marketed storage water heaters, mention is made of the three types of what may be termed combination storage water heaters which have heretofore been marinated.

a, A storage tank is separately supported and a heater likewise at the side thereof. This style of apparatus occupies too much space, was not balanced and inadequately eiticient because the heater is not directly below the tank.

b. Both healingeonduit and burner being within the confinesot the tank. This arrangement is unsafe beeause the apparatus as a whole cannot be opened in order to disperse any gas that might have acrumulatml, preparatory to lighting. Safety is not assured unless a door opening from top to bottom is provided. l urtherinore, FWD-21.060 sibility mitigates against its usefulness. Also, when no heat being supplied, a cold draft passes through the vent necessitated through the center of the tank. Why insulate outside if the inside is to be exposed to a cold draft. r

0. An absence of a water conduit features. A tank is fashioned with a flue through its center in which a spiral baille is set. .This expedient does not heat rapidly enough. liloreover, it is equally inaccessible, and its inclosed burner similarly involves danger when lighting. Such water as is touching the central flue when the heat is no longer being applied starts to cool and consequently such of it as is above owing to its greater weight will settle and hence cause a circulation.

The heater embodying the present invention:

Ilas its heater separate from the confines of the tank.

Has no ilue passing through its middle.

Has its entire exterior excepting the bottom insulated.

Has its tank directly supported by the heater by means of a featured connection.

Has a conical coil of single or plural winding.

Has a central by-pass connection between the top and bottom.

The whole is of rigid construction cfiicient in operation and besides, quite free from troublesome condensation. Only by properly proportioning the size of the by-pass and the bore of the coil is it possible to achieve perfect results. The by-pass serves to regulate the temperature of the water, which should not become overheated to lime the coils. If the friction of the water rising through the coil is excessive the overheating can likewise occur. The pitch of the convolutions of the coil should be taken into consideration. Any one of these factors being known, one or more of the rest should be modified accordingly if the best average utility is to be had.

I would have it expressly understood that I in no Wise limit myself to these specific applications or embodiments of my invention, which 1 have selected as a basis for illustrating and describing my invention merely for the purpose of rendering a clear and. comprehensive understanding of the scope and novel features thereof.

' Adverting to the drawings:

Figure I is a mainly, vertical section of a Water heater embodying my invention.

Fig. II is an enlarged section of a portion of one part. shown in Fig. I.

Fig. III is a similar section showing a modification in certain respects Fig. IV is a horizontal section on line 44 of Fig. III.

As appears in F ig. I the ntire construction is supported upon a single pedestal l the upper extremity being screw threaded at 2 for-cooperation with the complementary screw threads of a hollow fitting 3. This latter is additionally provided with a screw threaded inlet 4 and a duplex outlet 5. -Fitted in the opening 4 and extending upwardly in line with the pedestal, is a pipe 6 which carries on its upper end a hollow casting 7 of peculiar formation to comprise a 'pair of ducts 8 and 9 the latter of which passes through the former. No direct communication is afforded between the ducts 8 and 9. The duct 8 communicates below with the pipe 6 and in practice accommodates the passage of the cooler waten, The duct 9 terminates below in a laterally directed inlet opening 10 and extends upwardly a considerable distance beyond the upper extremity of the duct 8. .The duct 9 is adapted for the upward travel of the water which has the greatest tt'nperature, as will later become apparent, and as is likewise indicated by the arrows. Just above the lower inlet 10 of the duct 9 but below may be heated to a the upper extremity of the duct 8 the latter;

carries a cylindrical jacket 11 of any suitable constructi'on and dimension. Such jacket willbe' provided in front with a door and at another point with a stack outlet, neither of which is shown.

A union 12 effects a detachable connection with a short pipe 13 which is screw threaded or otherwise secured in a flanged collar 14: upon which a storage tank 15 is supported. It will be noticed that the duct 8 has free communication with the bottom of the tank through the collar 14 and around the duct 9 which extends to within a short distance of the top of the tank 15. The tank 15 is covered around its sides and above with any approved insulation 16. A cold water inlet pipe 17 and a hot Water outlet pipe 18 appear connected with the top of the tank.

Projected through one side of the tank bottom is a sensitive thermostatic tube ,1 9-

which is adapted to actuate the snap-acting mechanism of a thermostat 20. Such thermostatic mechanism is adapted in turn to operate a gas valve not shown but purposed to control the flow of fuel'to the connection 21' leading to a burner 22- having removable burner heads 23 positloned near the bottom of the jacket 11 and embodying the principles of United States Letters Patent No. 1,241,032 issued September 25, 1917, to The Long-LandretlrSchneider Company as my assignee. The dimensions of the burner 22 are preferably such as to be smaller by a predetermined measure than the diameter of the jacket as will be more particularly explained later. A small pipe 24: is connected with thesource of gas ahead of the thermostatically controlled valve in order to constantly supply fuel to the pilot 2-5.

A plural wound, in this instance duplex,

copper coil 26 has its one pair of end opening 27 in braised connection below with the outlet 5 and its other upper pair of en'df openings 28 in similar connection above with the inlet 10. The coil 26, is of conical form and according to my invention has its lowermost duplex convolution abutting the interior of the jacket 11 as shown for, example at 29 and 30. The shape, arrangement and proportion of the coil 26 in the burner heads 23 and the with respect to the capacity 1s such as to tubing of not sizeof bore and in so far constitutesone of the features of my present invention. The applicant has discovered that by positioning a conical coil like the one shown and jacket 11- and of the tank '15 permit of employing copper described, or its equivalent, with reference to the casing as described and as otherwise connected, that a given rate of flow of water only less length but smaller its relation to predetermineddesired temperature wlth-a comparatively smaller and. hence more economical heating unit. Fla-o These-coils are commonly made of copper which is, of course, an expensive metal, so that if its bore and length can be reduced andyet heat a given rate of How of Water a meritorious invention appears to have been achieved. The ratio between the length of the coil and the diameter of its bore is substantially as four hundred and three and two-tenths is to one. I purposely arranged the burner heads 23 not only an advisable distance below the bottom of the coil 26 but also nearer the center of the coil than the inner surface of the lowermost convolution.

- By so doingi avoid the objectionable direct impingingof a flame against the nearest section of the-coil. v

In operation, as the water is heated in the coil it rises therethrough along a sinuous course to emerge from the openings 28 and pass up through the duct 9 into the upper confines of the tank. The coolest water in the meantime seeks its true level and accordingly flows down through the duct 8 to pipe G and passes into the coil through the opening 27.

A decided advantage ensues in having the hot water duct 9-within the duct 8 owing to the fact that the cooler water passing serves as an eifectual insulation therefor. Also, my manner of connecting the tank and heater is not only simple, but very quick of accomplishment. The size and disposition of my burner with respect to the bottom of the cOil insures a nearly uniform licking of the interior surfaces of the ro ressively smaller convolutions and .avoi s t e conveyance of undue heat likely to burn the lowermost convolution.

The modification disclosed in Figs. IV and V consists in the provision PIli'lClpally of a lurality of separate conical coils either sing e or plural wound, each of which is separately supported. upon a base, and all of which are uniformly spaced with reference to the axis of the heater as a..whole, and furthermore, surrounded by a jacket which is a continuation of the insulation enveloping the tank. Specifically, a-base 32 is fashioned with a quartet of bosses 33 having screw. threaded unions in which a corresponding number of supports 34: 1am

secured. Each of the latter carries a hollow fitting 35 from wh1ch a pipe 36 continues upwardly to communicate with a hollow said structure, a casting of concentric ipes casting 37 which incloses a distinct duct 38 extending upwardly into a tank 39. A conthe duct 38 while a 1. A water heater of the class described comprising, a pedestal, a hollow structure extending upwardly.therefrom, a tank supported by said structure and communicating at separated points therewith, a casing also carried by said structure, a conical heating coil communicating at diflerent points with said structure and closely casing, and a burner below said coil..

2. A water heater of the class described comprising, a pedestal,- a hollow fitting carried thereby and provided with a pair of openings, a pipe fittedin one of said openings, a hollow casting in communication having its lower end with the upper endof said pipe and pro' vided with three additional opemngs, a heat-- ing coil having its ends communicating with the other opening of said hollow fitting and with one of said casting openings respec tively, a tank carried by said casting and in communication with its two other openings, a burner below said coil and acasing inclosing said coil and burner.

a hollow comprising, a pedestal carrying a heating structure provided with a bafiie', coil about said in one ofits ends in formed with a pair having separated openings in communication with the other end of'said coil and with said structure respectively, a tank detachably connected with said casting and in communication with the other ends of said pipes, said coil, and a casing also carried by said casting and inclosing said coil.

Signed by me, 1916.

FREDERICK n. SCHNEIDER.

fitting to the interior wall of said 3. A water heater of the class describedstructure and bafiie and hav communication with this at day of August,

a burner below I 

